Machubu a Alumina Ceramic Liner Osavala: Yankho Lodalirika la Malo Okhala ndi Kusweka kwa Mafakitale

Machubu a alumina ceramic omwe sagwira ntchitondi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri choteteza chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapayipi amakampani omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusweka. Kapangidwe kake kakakulu ndi alpha-alumina (Al₂O₃), ndipo kuchuluka kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 92% mpaka 99.5%. Zinthuzi zimapangidwa kudzera mu njira yotenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba kwambiri, ndi Rockwell hardness (HRA) ya ≥85 ndi Mohs hardness rating ya 9, yachiwiri pambuyo pa diamondi. Machubu a liner awa amamangiriridwa bwino kapena kulowetsedwa mwamakina pakhoma lamkati la mapaipi achitsulo, ndikupanga chotchinga cholimba choteteza chomwe chimasiyanitsa bwino njira yoyenda kuchokera ku kukanda mwachindunji ndi kuwonongeka kwa chitoliro chachitsulo.

Kuchita bwino kwawo kumachokera ku mphamvu za alumina ceramics. Kuwonjezera pa kuuma kwambiri, kuchuluka kwawo nthawi zambiri kumakhala >3.6 g/cm³, ndipo mphamvu yopondereza imapitirira 850 MPa. Kukana kwa kutopa kwa ma ceramic liners awa ndi pafupifupi nthawi 266 kuposa chitsulo cha manganese ndi nthawi 171.5 kuposa chitsulo chapamwamba cha chromium, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zida izi ikhale yogwira ntchito nthawi 5 mpaka 10 pansi pa mikhalidwe yofanana. Malo awo osalala komanso kukana kochepa kwa kukangana kumachepetsa kukana kwa kayendedwe ka zinthu. Amakhalanso ndi kukana kwabwino kwa dzimbiri, kupirira zinthu zambiri za mankhwala kupatula hydrofluoric acid ndi alkalis yotentha kwambiri.

Chogulitsachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magawo a mafakitale omwe ali ndi zofunikira zolimbana ndi kuwonongeka. Ntchito zambiri zimaphatikizapo kunyamula malasha, kudyetsa mafuta ophwanyika, ndi machitidwe ochotsa phulusa m'malo opangira magetsi otentha; mapaipi onyamula ufa wa malasha ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali m'mafakitale achitsulo; mizere yosamutsira ufa wosaphika, clinker, ndi malasha m'mafakitale a simenti; ndi machitidwe oyendetsera matope ndi matope osakanikirana m'migodi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi onyamula mpweya ndi hydraulic m'mafakitale achitsulo, mankhwala, ndi ena, pothana ndi mavuto a kuwonongeka kwa mapaipi mwachangu, kubowoka, ndi kutuluka kwa madzi chifukwa cha kukanda zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mwachidule, machubu a alumina ceramic liner osatha kutha amapereka chitetezo cha nthawi yayitali pamapaipi onyamula mafakitale chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo kwakukulu, kutha kwapadera, komanso kukana dzimbiri. Amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kutseka kwa ndalama zokonzera ndikusintha zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kutha kwa mapaipi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala bwino komanso chitetezo cha makina opangira. Ndi njira yodzitetezera yotsimikizika komanso yotsika mtengo.